Absin multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry technology helps the research of chronic hepatitis B

09 Jul 2025 by AntBio

【Introduction】

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a global health challenge that affects the lives of hundreds of millions of people. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms of the disease and find effective treatments, scientists have been exploring innovative scientific research tools and techniques. Recently, a breakthrough study using Absin multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry has opened a new chapter in the causes of intrahepatic inflammation in CHB.

【Research contents】

In this study, an international research team, led by Dr. Jun Wang, performed an in-depth analysis of liver samples from patients with chronic hepatitis B using a multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry kit (Cat. No. abs50029-20T) provided by Absin. The research team explored the link between liver transcriptomics and intrahepatic inflammation in CHB through sophisticated cell type-specific expression analysis, combined with clinical parameters.

【Multi-color Experimental Technique】

Absin multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry used in the study is an advanced biomarker assay that enables simultaneous detection of the expression and localization of multiple proteins on the same tissue section. With this technique, researchers were able to precisely delineate the distribution of immune cells such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages in the liver, as well as their spatial association with the HBV core antigen (HBcAg). In addition, the study also involves the detection of a variety of immunomodulatory molecules and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), such as TIGIT, CTLA4, CXCL8, CCL20, IFI44, IFI16, ISG15 and ISG20.

[Other Experimental Techniques]

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq): This technique is used to analyze different cell types in the liver and identify specific marker genes for each cell type. With this approach, researchers are able to gain insight into cellular heterogeneity within the liver and classify cell populations at different clinical stages.

Population-Specific Expression Analysis (PSEA): This is a method used to break down bulk gene expression data into expression patterns for specific cell types. The PSEA model utilizes cell type marker genes from single-cell sequencing data to normalize the data to estimate the relative abundance of gene expression in different cell populations.

Bayesian Linear Model: This model is used by researchers to link gene expression with clinical parameters to analyze the role of key factors such as inflammatory cells, immune activation, T cell exhaustion, chemokines, receptors, and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in different clinical stages.

Multiplex immunohistochemistry: With this approach, researchers validated the results of multiplex immunohistochemistry in liver specimens, further confirming the expression patterns of key immune cells and molecules identified in the study.

Statistical and bioinformatics analysis: Includes principal component analysis (PCA), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), hierarchical cluster analysis, and Bayesian statistical methods, which are used to process and interpret large amounts of gene expression data and correlate this data with clinical parameters.

【Conclusions】

Through the application of Absin multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry, the research team found that in patients with chronic hepatitis B, the expression of genes associated with immune cell activation and migration increased. In particular, the expression of specific ISGs in T cells and macrophages was positively correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels rather than HBV DNA levels. This finding points to the fact that chemokines secreted by macrophages (such as CCL20 and CXCL8) play a key role in recruiting depleted T cells into liver tissue, while inhibiting the innate immune function of hepatocytes hinders the antiviral effect of ISGs.

【Significance】

This study not only provides us with new insights into intrahepatic inflammation in chronic hepatitis B. Through this technique, researchers were able to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between immune cells and liver inflammation, providing a scientific basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

The application of Absin's multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry technology in this study has once again proved its value in biomedical research. With the continuous advancement of this advanced tool, we have reason to believe that in the future, the research on complex diseases such as chronic hepatitis B will be more in-depth, leading to more effective treatment options for patients.

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