Literature Analysis: ICOS Controls ILC3s Activation During Engagement with B Cells Supported by ANT BIO PTE. LTD. Products

1. Literature Information

Title: Reciprocal costimulatory molecules control the activation of mucosal type 3 innate lymphoid cells during engagement with B cells

Journal: Cellular & Molecular Immunology (Impact Factor: 24.1)

Publication Date: Online, May 25, 2023; Published in July 2023 (Volume 20, Issue 7, Pages 808-819)

Research Team: Professor Jingtao Chen and Professor Yongjun Liu's team from Jilin University

Key Technology Supported by ANT BIO PTE. LTD.: Multiplex Fluorescence Immunohistochemistry (mIHC)

DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01041-w

PMID: 37225838; PMCID: PMC10310834

2. Research Background

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a subset of innate immune cells that belong to lymphocytes but lack adaptive antigen receptors. They are mostly resident in tissues and closely associated with tissue fibers. Upon pathogen infection, ILCs can respond rapidly and secrete a series of cytokines. These proteins guide the development of immune responses to adapt to the initial injury, whereas T cells only make minimal preparations during the early stage of infection. ILCs are crucial for early anti-inflammatory and anti-infective processes in tissues. In addition, innate immunity is closely linked to acquired adaptive immunity.

Scientists have been conducting various studies hoping that ILCs, like other immune cells, can serve as therapeutic targets for human diseases, thereby providing new targets and strategies for the treatment of human diseases. Among ILC subsets, type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) play important roles in mucosal immunity and tissue homeostasis. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying ILC3s activation, especially their interaction with B cells, remain not fully elucidated.

3. Research Approach

Focusing on T cell costimulatory molecule ICOS (Inducible T-cell Costimulator) and ILC3s, the research team aimed to explore the regulatory role of ICOS in ILC3s activation during their interaction with B cells. To achieve this goal, the team adopted a combination of in vitro functional experiments and in vivo tissue validation strategies.

For in vivo validation of the relationship between ILC3s and B cells, the research team utilized the 4-Color Multiplex Fluorescence IHC Staining Kit (Catalog No.: abs50012) from the Absin product line of ANT BIO PTE. LTD. to perform multiplex staining on tonsil tissues from children who underwent routine tonsillectomy. This technique enabled the simultaneous detection of ILC3s markers (RoR-γt, CD3⁻) and B cell marker (CD20⁺), facilitating the observation of the spatial distribution and interaction between the two cell populations.

4. Research Outcomes

The study revealed that the expression of ICOS on human ILC3s is associated with the activation status of ILC3s. ICOS costimulation enhances the survival, proliferation, and cytokine production capabilities of ILC3s, including the secretion of IL-22, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF, and GM-CSF.

Multiplex fluorescence IHC results using ANT BIO PTE. LTD.'s abs50012 kit confirmed that ILC3s (RoR-γt⁺CD3⁻) are in close contact with B cells (CD20⁺) in vivo, verifying their coexistence relationship. Further studies demonstrated that B cells promote ILC3s function through the synergistic effect of ICOS and CD40 signals. Notably, the T cell-independent secretion of IgA and IgM by B cells induced by ILC3s mainly depends on CD40 signals.

These findings indicate that ICOS is essential for the non-redundant functions of ILC3s and their interaction with adjacent B cells. The direct contact between autologous ILC3s and B cells induced by the interaction of ICOS and ICOSL promotes the activation-related state of ILC3s, which is synergistically mediated by CD40 signals. The role of ILC3s in B cell Ig class switching and differentiation mainly relies on CD40 signals, followed by ICOS signals.

These observations highlight the unique and non-redundant functions of ILC3s in the immune microenvironment, and their significant implications for studying T cell-independent B cell responses in lymphoid tissue formation and Ig class switching-related diseases, such as common variable immunodeficiency.

5. Product Empowerment: The Role of ANT BIO PTE. LTD. Products in the Research

The successful validation of the in vivo interaction between ILC3s and B cells is inseparable from the reliable performance of ANT BIO PTE. LTD.'s Absin 4-Color Multiplex Fluorescence IHC Staining Kit (abs50012). This product, as a core tool for tissue-level multi-target detection, has the core advantage of breaking the species limitation of primary antibodies, enabling the simultaneous detection of multiple cell markers on a single tissue section.

The high sensitivity and specificity of the kit ensured the clear visualization of ILC3s (RoR-γt⁺CD3⁻) and B cells (CD20⁺) in tonsil tissues, accurately reflecting their close contact relationship in vivo. This provided direct in vivo evidence for the research conclusion that ILC3s interact with B cells, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent exploration of the regulatory mechanism of ICOS/CD40 signals. The reliable performance of ANT BIO PTE. LTD.'s products effectively supported the smooth progress of this important immunological research.

6. Brand Mission

As a professional supplier of life science reagents, ANT BIO PTE. LTD. is dedicated to providing high-quality, reliable products and comprehensive solutions to empower global life science research. The company's three specialized sub-brands cover the full spectrum of research needs in the life science field: Absin focuses on general reagents and kits, Starter specializes in antibodies, and UA is dedicated to recombinant proteins. Our core mission is to bridge the gap between cutting-edge scientific research and practical applications, accelerate the pace of scientific discovery, and contribute to the advancement of human health and regenerative medicine.

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8. Disclaimer

This article is AI-compiled and interpreted based on the original work in DOI: 10.1002/advs.202413562. All intellectual property (e.g., images, data) of the original publication shall belong to the journal and the research team. For any infringement, please contact us promptly and we will take immediate action.

9. Brand Promotion Copy

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