STING-Knockdown HeLa Cell Lysate

Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING, encoded by STING1 / TMEM173) is an ER-resident transmembrane adaptor essential for innate immune sensing of cytosolic nucleic acids. Downstream of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), STING binds the cyclic dinucleotide 2'3'-cGAMP, triggering its translocation to the Golgi apparatus and subsequent recruitment and activation of TBK1 and IKK. This signaling cascade phosphorylates transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB, driving the robust expression of type I interferons (IFN-α/β), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). STING also participates in non-canonical autophagy and cellular senescence programs. STING antibodies are widely utilized in Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to monitor pathway activation and innate immune responses. STING knockout (KO) abolishes cytosolic DNA-driven innate immune signaling, blunting type I interferon induction upon pathogen infection or genomic stress, which dampens antitumor immune surveillance while protecting cells against pathological autoinflammation.