Mouse Anti-Human MCP-1 Antibody (S-5583)

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), also known as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), is a 76-amino-acid glycoprotein of approximately 8.6 kDa belonging to the CC chemokine family, encoded by the CCL2 gene on human chromosome 17q12. Its structure features four conserved cysteine residues forming two intramolecular disulfide bonds, with the N-terminal residues 1–6 essential for chemoattractant activity and residue 14 subject to glycosylation. MCP-1 is secreted by a wide variety of cells including monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and various tumor cells in response to stimuli such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and PDGF. Functionally, MCP-1 is a potent chemoattractant that binds its primary receptor CCR2 on monocytes, triggering chemotaxis, firm adhesion to vascular endothelium, and transendothelial migration to sites of inflammation; it also attracts memory T lymphocytes and natural killer cells. MCP-1 plays a critical role in numerous inflammatory pathologies including atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, renal disease, and tumor development, where it promotes macrophage infiltration that exacerbates disease progression. Beyond inflammation, emerging evidence implicates MCP-1 in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, where it participates in neuroinflammation and amyloid-β deposition, positioning it as a potential early diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target.