LRRC8A Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-4149-44)

LRRC8A (Leucine-Rich Repeat-Containing Protein 8A, also known as SWELL1) is an indispensable core component of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC), whose functions have long surpassed the mere maintenance of cellular volume homeostasis to become a multifunctional regulatory factor playing critical roles in various major diseases. Structurally, LRRC8A serves as the essential subunit for forming functional VRAC channels and must assemble with other family members (LRRC8B–E) into heterohexameric complexes to exert its function. Its unique N-terminal domain folds back into the pore interior and, together with the extracellular selectivity filter, determines the channel's permeability to chloride ions as well as organic molecules such as taurine, glutamate, and ATP. The physiological and pathological functions of LRRC8A are remarkably extensive: in oncology, it promotes cancer cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis in multiple cancer types through activating PI3K/AKT, JNK/MAPK, and other signaling pathways, though its role is dual-faced and can, in certain contexts, influence sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents; in the nervous system, it is associated with seizures caused by astrocytic LRRC8A overexpression, while its C-terminal LRR domain can bind to NMDA receptors and limit their synaptic activity, thereby normally suppressing neuropathic pain; additionally, LRRC8A participates in insulin signaling to regulate glucose metabolism, and plays important roles in T-cell development and immune modulation through transporting cGAMP to activate the STING pathway.