Glypican 1/GPC1 Fc Chimera Protein, Human

GPC1, also known as Glypican-1, is a heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan anchored to the cell membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor, belonging to the glypican family. Its structure comprises a core protein of approximately 50 kDa and covalently attached HS glycosaminoglycan chains, which are tethered to the extracellular leaflet of the plasma membrane through the GPI anchor, enabling HS chains to interact with various growth factors, morphogens, and extracellular matrix proteins. GPC1 is broadly expressed in multiple tissues during embryonic development and in adulthood primarily in the brain, lung, liver, kidney, and pancreas, serving as a critical co-receptor for Wnt, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and Hedgehog signaling pathways, thereby regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, and tissue morphogenesis. Under pathological conditions, GPC1 is aberrantly overexpressed in multiple solid tumors, including pancreatic, breast, and lung cancers; notably, in pancreatic cancer, GPC1-positive exosomes have emerged as promising liquid biopsy biomarkers for early diagnosis. In recent years, GPC1 has become an emerging therapeutic target in tumor immunotherapy, with GPC1-targeted CAR-T cells, monoclonal antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates demonstrating favorable anti-tumor activity in preclinical studies, offering new hope for the treatment of refractory malignancies such as pancreatic cancer.