DGAT1 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-4623-9)

DGAT1 (diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1) is a key enzyme localized to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and belongs to the acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase family. It catalyzes the final rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of triacylglycerol (triglyceride), namely the esterification of diacylglycerol (DAG) with fatty acyl-CoA to generate triacylglycerol. DGAT1 is widely expressed across various tissues throughout the body, with particularly high activity in the small intestine and adipose tissue. It not only participates in lipid storage within adipocytes but also catalyzes the re-esterification of dietary fats in the small intestine to facilitate chylomicron assembly and lipid absorption. The physiological functions of DGAT1 have been validated in various in vivo models, with DGAT1 knockout mice exhibiting resistance to diet-induced obesity, increased insulin sensitivity, and impaired skin barrier function, indicating its important roles in energy metabolism and skin physiology. In humans, loss-of-function mutations in the DGAT1 gene are associated with congenital diarrheal disease—a rare condition characterized by severe diarrhea and malnutrition—highlighting its irreplaceable role in intestinal lipid absorption. Given its central role in lipid metabolism, DGAT1 inhibitors are being extensively developed as potential therapeutic targets for obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hyperlipidemia, though their intestinal-related side effects must be carefully managed. Furthermore, DGAT1 expression is regulated by transcription factors such as SREBP-1c and PPARγ, and interacts with insulin signaling pathways to collectively maintain systemic lipid homeostasis.