CGREF1 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-4558-25)

CGREF1 (Cell Growth Regulator with EF-hand domain 1) is a secretory protein composed of 301 amino acids, structurally characterized by the presence of two highly conserved EF-hand calcium-binding domains. This protein was initially identified as a negative regulator that inhibits cell proliferation in various cell lines, with its functional mechanism involving the suppression of AP-1 transcription factor activity through reducing the phosphorylation levels of the ERK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. However, recent studies have revealed that CGREF1 exhibits complex and even opposite functions in different disease contexts: in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), CGREF1 is highly expressed and significantly correlates with reduced patient survival, activating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling axis through upregulating EIF3H to promote tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, thus behaving as an oncogene. In malignancies such as prostate cancer and neuroblastoma, its altered expression is also associated with tumor progression and treatment response, suggesting its potential as an early biomarker. Furthermore, CGREF1 has been found to participate in cell adhesion processes and plays roles in physiological or pathological conditions including skin pathology and neurobehavioral regulation (such as risk-taking behavior), highlighting its multifunctionality and tissue-specificity as a calcium signal-mediated cellular function regulator.