How to Choose an LPCAT2 Antibody: Mechanism, Disease Links, and Validation Data
Why Is LPCAT2 Difficult to Detect?
Membrane-bound enzymes like LPCAT2 can be tricky to handle. They anchor to cell membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum, making extraction efficiency under conventional lysis conditions suboptimal. Overuse of detergents may interfere with antigen recognition, and weak immunoblot bands are commonly reported.
This family has numerous aliases. Verifying the full target name and accession before selecting an antibody often saves more time than optimizing dilution ratios. The consolidated reference below covers mechanisms, challenges, and validation data.
What Is LPCAT2?
LPCAT2, or lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2, is a member of the membrane-bound lysophospholipid acyltransferase family. It catalyzes the reacylation of lysophosphatidylcholine using acyl-CoA as a donor to generate phosphatidylcholine. This reaction participates in the Lands cycle for phospholipid remodeling and helps maintain cell membrane homeostasis.
Product pages annotate its cellular localization as cell membrane and endoplasmic reticulum, with sequences traceable to UniProt accession Q7L5N7.
Beyond basic metabolic functions, LPCAT2 exhibits lipid signaling-related activity. Its alias, acetyl-CoA:lyso-platelet-activating factor acetyltransferase or LysoPAFAT, suggests involvement in platelet-activating factor-associated acetylation reactions.
What Disease Associations Have Been Established?
Associations with cancer are well established. LPCAT2 is frequently upregulated in colorectal, breast, and hepatocellular carcinomas. In these settings, overexpression promotes tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through activation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. It also modulates lipid raft composition to influence receptor tyrosine kinase activity.
Inflammation and atherosclerosis present another research focus. LPCAT2 is identified as a key mediator in macrophage activation and foam cell formation, which links lipid metabolism to innate immunity. Its dual roles in membrane homeostasis and in pathways involving both cancer and chronic inflammation explain the growing interest in its expression and localization.
IHC validation of LPCAT2 in paraffin-embedded human colon tissue at 1:200 dilution
What Technical Challenges Complicate LPCAT2 Detection?
Three recurring obstacles account for most failed LPCAT2 experiments.
The membrane-bound nature complicates extraction and solubilization. LPCAT2 anchorage to membranes and the endoplasmic reticulum makes it poorly extracted by conventional lysis buffers, often resulting in weak bands despite functionally valid antibodies. Detergent type and concentration, thorough sonication, and pre-loading denaturation all affect detectable protein levels. Excessive handling may nonetheless disrupt conformation-dependent epitopes, so iterative optimization is required.
Complex nomenclature demands target verification. The lysophospholipid acyltransferase family has overlapping aliases, and LPCAT2 is also called LPCAT-2, AGPAT11, AYTL1, or LysoPAFAT. Discrepancies between literature and reagent labels can misdirect experiments. Cross-referencing the full target name and UniProt accession Q7L5N7 is the simplest way to avoid errors.
Expression also varies widely across samples. The product page immunoblot data covers five groups, including Raji and SW480 with negative controls, Jurkat and A431, mouse liver, and PC-12 or COS7. Immunohistochemistry spans human cerebral cortex, colon, spleen, and testis, and includes human skeletal muscle as a negative control. A 1:200 dilution ratio suggests low abundance in some tissues.
What Validation Data Support LPCAT2 Research?
A recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibody against LPCAT2 provides a defined starting point. The reagent is a recombinant monoclonal antibody with clone S-4239-18 and IgG isotype, raised against a synthetic peptide and purified via Protein A at 0.5 mg/ml.
It reacts with human, mouse, rat, and monkey samples and is validated for Western blot, immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections, and immunocytochemistry. Positive controls include SW480, Jurkat, A431, mouse liver, PC-12, and COS7, which provides a practical basis for optimizing membrane protein extraction and loading. The table below summarizes the key parameters.
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Product Name | LPCAT2 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-4239-18) |
| Catalog Number | S0B60364 |
| Host & Antibody Type | Rabbit / Recombinant mAb (IgG) |
| Clone ID | S-4239-18 |
| Antigen & Immunogen | LPCAT2; Synthetic Peptide |
| Molecular Aliases | Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 2; LPC acyltransferase 2; LPCAT-2; LysoPC acyltransferase 2; AGPAT11; AYTL1; LysoPAFAT |
| Cellular Localization | Cell membrane, Endoplasmic reticulum |
| UniProt Accession | Q7L5N7 |
| Reactive Species | Hu, Ms, Rt, Mk |
| Positive Controls | SW480, Jurkat, A431, mouse liver, PC-12, COS7 |
| Purification & Concentration | Protein A; 0.5 mg/ml |
| Conjugate & Form | Unconjugated; Liquid |
| Buffer | PBS, 40% Glycerol, 0.05% BSA, 0.02% sodium azide |
| Storage | 12 months from receipt/reconstitution, -20°C as supplied |
| Applications & Dilutions | WB 1:1000 (Hu, Ms, Rt, Mk); IHC-P 1:200 (Hu, Ms, Rt); ICC 1:500 (Hu) |
Validation figures cover several conditions. Immunoblot at 1:1000 dilution resolved a band in SW480 whole-cell lysate, with Raji as a negative control. The same dilution resolved mouse liver and COS7 lysates at 20 micrograms per lane. The predicted molecular weight is 60 kDa, with an observed weight of 50 kDa. Immunohistochemistry at 1:200 resolved paraffin-embedded human colon tissue as a positive sample, with human skeletal muscle as a negative control. Both used heat-mediated antigen retrieval in Tris/EDTA buffer at pH 9.0 with hematoxylin counterstain.
Immunocytochemistry at 1:500 with overnight incubation at 4 degrees Celsius detected SW480 cells as positive and Raji cells as negative. Cells were fixed with 4% PFA and permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Triton X-100, then detected with Alexa Fluor 488 secondary antibody at 1:1000 alongside DAPI and tubulin counterstains.
Traceability matters here. The product includes a datasheet and certificate of analysis, with sequences traceable to UniProt accession Q7L5N7. No reference list is provided, and all data derive from publicly available validation results on the product page.
Summary and Outlook
LPCAT2 maintains membrane lipids yet intersects with tumor proliferation, lipid raft signaling, and macrophage foam cell formation. The challenges lie not in conceptualizing its roles but in technical execution. Membrane anchoring, convoluted nomenclature, and variable expression across cell types can all distort conclusions.
Inclusion of six positive samples, two negative controls, and one negative tissue stain exemplifies transparent validation. That transparency offers greater utility for researchers than a single clean band. Membrane-bound enzymes will not reveal themselves easily, and an antibody is measured by how clearly it accounts for both signals and blanks.
Related Products
LPCAT2 detection benefits from a reagent with documented membrane protein extraction conditions and paired negative controls. The product below is listed in article order.
| Product Name | Catalog No. |
|---|---|
| LPCAT2 Recombinant Rabbit mAb (S-4239-18) | S0B60364 |
Key Features
| Key Advantage | Detailed Parameter / Function |
|---|---|
| Recombinant rabbit monoclonal format | Clone S-4239-18 with IgG isotype, raised against a synthetic peptide and purified via Protein A at 0.5 mg/ml, providing lot-to-lot consistency for membrane protein targets. |
| Broad species reactivity | Reacts with human, mouse, rat, and monkey samples, reducing the need to switch reagents when comparing expression across model systems. |
| Multi-application validation | Validated for Western blot at 1:1000, immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections at 1:200, and immunocytochemistry at 1:500. |
| Documented positive and negative controls | Six positive samples and two negative controls support resolution assessment before experiments begin, which is valuable for a membrane-anchored target with variable expression. |
ANT BIO PTE. LTD. maintains a mature rabbit immunization and single B cell antibody development platform. It covers antigen design and immunization strategy optimization, high-throughput single B cell sorting, antibody gene cloning, recombinant expression, and multi-application validation. The platform delivers systematic antibody customization solutions for different application scenarios. To learn more about the LPCAT2 Recombinant Rabbit mAb or to request a sample test, please contact us.
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