Biotin Mouse Anti-Human CD132 (Common γ Chain) Antibody (S-5686)

CD132, also known as the common cytokine receptor gamma chain (γc), is a member of the type I cytokine receptor superfamily encoded by the IL2RG gene. As a shared signaling subunit, it does not itself bind cytokines, but serves as a common component of the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21, and is indispensable for signal transduction by these cytokines. Structurally, the extracellular region of CD132 contains two fibronectin type III domains, while its intracellular segment is coupled to JAK3 kinase; when a cytokine binds its specific receptor chain, JAK1 and JAK3 undergo transphosphorylation and activation, which in turn phosphorylates STAT proteins and initiates the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. CD132 is widely expressed on the surface of leukocytes, and its functional deficiency has profound clinical significance: mutations in the IL2RG gene are the most common cause of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (XSCID), in which patients are severely deficient in or lack functional T cells and NK cells, while B cell numbers are normal but functionally defective, resulting in severe immune dysfunction. Given its central role in signal transduction through multiple inflammatory cytokine receptors, CD132 has also become a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, and humanized monoclonal antibodies targeting CD132 are under development.